This Cochrane Systematic Review synthesizes the evidence pertaining to the effects of fortifying staple foods with vitamin A in reducing vitamin A deficiency and improving health‐related outcomes in the general population older than 2 years. Evidence from 10 randomized controlled studies in low‐ and upper‐middle-income countries suggests that compared to no intervention, staple foods fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients may increase serum retinol concentration, although it is uncertain whether the intervention reduces the risk of subclinical vitamin A deficiency, because the quality of the evidence has been assessed as very low.