This meeting report summaries a dialogue at the first United Nations Food Systems Stocktaking Moment in Rome. The discussion focused on policy actions to transform food systems, policy changes to ensure access to healthy diets for groups vulnerable to malnutrition, ways to leverage social protection systems, and opportunities and challenges to align food systems transformation with health and nutrition agendas. Speakers identified actions to ensure that the implementation of food system transformation leads to better nutrition, health, and improved food security. A recording of the session is available.