Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation and complementary feeding promotion (CFP) for children 6−23 months of age reduced premature births, low birth weight, and stillbirths. The benefit-cost ratio was lowest for CFP for children in the three lowest socio-economic status quintiles due to the high cost of accomplishing behavior change in these households. Replacing iron and folic acid for pregnant women with multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) as well as using MMS and calcium supplements together reduced maternal mortality and showed the highest benefit-cost ratio.