The World Food Program is increasingly relying on cash-based transfers to assist food insecure populations. This analysis used a desk review, fieldwork and case studies, a practitioner survey, and a learning workshop to explore how cash-based interventions affect gender equality and women’s empowerment. The authors determined that while cash transfers alone are insufficient, cash-based interventions combined with other program activities—such as social and behavior change, skills training, and access to services—reinforce and enhance gender equity and empowerment.